Vaporizer for internal-combustion engines.



E. P. LAMB.

VAPORIZER PoR INTERNAL ooMBUsTIoN ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 13, 1912.

1,088,664, Patented Feb. 24, 1914 610; 70'; fc' N4 H14] 795x LEO 1'chamber or space 4t is in an extremely thin rrnri s'rnrns rafrinrorrion.

ELDEN P. LAMB, OF CAMDEN, MAINE, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO JOHN BIRD, 0F

ROCKLAND, MAINE.

VAPORIZER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 24:, 1914.

Application filed December 13.1912. Serial No.` 736,607.

To all 'who/1i it /iirii/ concern.'

Be it known that I..l1i.iiii.\ I. Laim, a citizen oft' the UnitedStates, residing,` at Camden, Maine. have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Vaporizel's t'or Intcrnal-Conibnstiou llngincs.ot' which the 'Following is a specilication.

My present invention relates to iuiprovements in float feed or constantlevel cai-liureters or vaporizers 'for internal combustion engines.

The invention has unioneothers l'or `its objects to provide anextrcnielli simple construction, capable ot' being- @contini-callyproduced and easily manipulated to secure proper mixtures loi' startingrand under vary ingr speeds and loads.

With these and other objects in view, thv

struction and arrangement and combination ot parts hereinafter describedand particularly defined by the apiiended claims.

A carburetor embodyii'ipr my invention is illustrated in theacconipanyin,r drawing, in which- Figure l is a side elevation; Fig. i2:is a `central vertical section; Fig. 3 is a sectional view of thcrotatable member l5. Fig. Il is a sectional elevation ol the valve, andFig. 5 is a. sectional view ol' the upper part. of the vcarbnreter withthe valve removed.

Referring,T by reference characters to this drawing, the numeral 1designates the fioat container within which is located a float Q, whichprovides a constant oil .level in the float chamber. This float chamberhas a conical bottom 3 provided with openings 3,

`which allow the oil to pass to a chamber al formed between the itnderside of said bottom 3 and a conical wall 5 of thin heat conducting metalcarried by the removable bot `tom 6, which is connected to the container1 by suitable means, as for instance machine screws 6a. This bottoniisprovided with means suoli as nipples 7 and 8 h v which 'pipes may beconnected for securing a cir culat-ion of heating tluid within the spacebetween the cone 5 and the `bottoni ti, such fluid comprising hot. watersteam oi exhaust gases. l? rom the construction thns described tilm orlayer, and is readily heated bv the heating Huid below the cone.

Rising upward from Athe conical bottom 3 and preferably integraltherewith is a cylindrical member Pi" having an interior valve receivingchamber 3C. Vthin this valve chaiiilier works the valve 7 having aconical lower end serving to regulate the amount ot h iulrocarbon whichpasses througrh the contracted t'nel opening 3d. The valve member 7 titssnugly in the lower portion ot' the chamber 3 and has a central fuelpassage T provided with branch passages 'or ports T communicating withthe conical lower portion ot' the valve chamber. The passage T in the\alvc member is designed to he placed in communication with the intakeot thc engine in the manner hereinafter described. so that the suctionot' the engine draws thc oil up through this passage, the

quantity depending on the vertical adjust invention includes the novel'features ol conmeut ot* the valve. The upper portion of the valvechamber is enlarged to provide an annular space or channel, as indicatedat 3", and additional ports or passages 7 place this annular space incommunication with the oil passage Tk This annular chamber and passages7 are intended for unvariiiblc air` supply, and for seein-nie,r a` richmixture for starting purposes. The valve member 7 is provided at itsupper end with an enlarged cylindrical member 8 and an interiorcentriilly arranged cylinder 9 having a bore axially in line with butlarger than the passage T through which the rich mixture reltei-red tois drawn. This central member 9 joins the outer cylinder 8 by a bottoniflaring wall 9, and the cylinder 8 is provided wit 'i air ports l0designed to cooperate 'with cor-y `side with cold air inlet portsdesigned to be covered and uinaivered by a movable member' lll, and witha hot air inlet )ort 14 by which hot air may be introduced in the mannercommon in carbureters. In order to secure the proper adjustments to varythe proportions ot' oil and air, the cylindrical ortion S is providedwith a handle E,n by w ich it may be rotated to bring the ports 10 and11 into or out ot register, and the said cylindrical member 8 isirovided nearA its u per end with an interna. screw thread Whici isengaged by corresponding lscrew threads on a rotatable. member 4 15having a iiange 15 ,which is arotatably mounted between the CTI -movedin the same direction, the movement being to the left or in thedirection of the lhands ofa clock, which raises the valve and gives arich mixture. Now, with the engine running light or unloaded, if thelever` 15 is swung to the right it varies the position ofthe needlevalve, that is, moves it down until the proper mixture` is secured.Thereafter the movement of lever 82l to the right opens the auxiliaryair ports, and at the same time, lifts up the needle valve, giving themotor or engine more fuel.

I find that under some conditions, as for instance, in .carbureters orvaporizers for larger engines, that it is desirable to intro duce aheated Huid, such, for example, as

steam, directly into the mixture, and that it f is desirable to admitthis in close proximity to the air passages 7c. In order to accomplishthis, the wall of the valve chamber and the conical bottom wall of thehydrocarbon i chamber are provided with a passage 16, the partpassingthrough the conical wall 3 being enlarged to form a valve'chamber17, within which works aneedle valve 18 for controlling the passage ofthe steam or the like therethrough. This valve chamber 17 communicatesby a port 19 with the heating chamber below the conical member 5A whilethe upper portion of the passage 16 is adapted to aline with the passage2O in the valve, the arrangement being such that the passage 20 is inalinement with the endr of passage y16 only when the carbureter isadjusted'for work or, in other words, when the lever 8a is' moved to theright to admit a larger l,amount of hydrocarbon and air.

. A carbureter such as herein before disclosed maybe used for lighthydrocarbons, such as gasolene, or for heavier hydrocarbons, such askerosene, as the subjecting of the hydrocarbon to heat while in a widelyspread-out and thin film enables its temperature to be raised tosuch adegree as to se- CureA effective vaporization and a ithoroughcombustion, even if the heavier hydrocarbon bev used. Furthermore, as-the wall of the l' valve chamber is integral with the bottom oftheiioat chamber and the valve movesin direct contact with said wall, bothsaid parts are\-heated vlby' the heating medium. The

result of this is that as the hydrocarbon is drawn through the smallholes or passages in the valve it is additionally heated; and the air,passing through the annular air space and small air ports, is alsoheated so that'a mixture of heated hydrocarbon and heated air secured. A

In order that either gasolene or kerosene may be fed to the carbureteratwill, provi= sion may be made by which eiil'ier or both may be pipedto the carbureter, it being deemed unnecessary to disclose anyconnection by which this may beydone herein. An important feature'thvpres'ent vaporizer or carbjuietei is "that by this const-ruction theiiecessity 'for the ordinary throttle valve is avoided, as the speed ofthe en-l gine can be controlled entirelyunder working conditions by'simply manipulating the lever 8a. The movementof Pthis lever to therightopens the aifiitiliaiy air and increases the vfuel, 'thus givingmore power 'or 'speed to the engine, wliil'ethemovement of the lever inthe reverse direction simultaneously outs down the fuel and air, whilemaintain- ,i

ing proper proportions, thus acting as a throttle and reducing the'power and speed of the'e'ngine,

I claim as my iuventioni;

1. A vaporizer for internal combustion engines having a valve chambervwith a valve seat, and fuel inlet port at its lower end, a

cylindrical fuel controlling valve fitting therein having a lower endc'oiperating with said seat, there being an annularspace adjacent saidseat between the valve and valve 1 chamber, said valve^a.ing its centrallonL tudinal passage to said air ing a closed bottom gt-udinal fue]pas`sa`gJ communicating by branch passages with said space, said valvechamber and said valve having also between them an air channel, and saidvalve having branch passages leading from said longi channel.

2. A vaporizer for internal combustion 4engines having a valve chamberwith an enicc iin

larged upper portion constituting a coni stant air supply and a conicalvalve seat at its lower end v ith a fuel inlet, a cylindrical fuelcontrolling valve member fitting said valve chamber and having a reducedlower end provided with a conical portion fitting said seat, said valvemember having a central longitudinal passage with branch passagesleading to the space formed by said reduced portion and other branchpassages leading to the space formed by said enlarged upper portionpfthe valve chamber.

vaporizer for. internal combustion engines comprising a cylindricalvalve casing having a fuel inlet at its lower end, a iiXed cylindricalsleeve above said casing having air ports, a movable cylindrical sleeveWithin said fixed sleeve having corresponding air ports, said movablesleevehavand a space beneath-the same for constant air supply, acylindrical valve member depending from said movable sleeve into thevalve casing and having a longitudinal fuel passage, and air portsleading from said fuel passage to said constant air supply space.

4. A vaporizer for internal combustion engines comprising a cylindricalvalve casing having a fuel inlet at its lower end, a fixed cylindricalsleeve above said easingr having air ports, a movable cylindri al sleevewithin said fixed sleeve having' corresponding' air ports, said movablesleeve having a closed bottom and a space beneath the same for constantair supply. a cylindrical valve member depending from said movablesleeve into the valve casing and having! a longitudinal fuel passage,air ports leading from said fuel 'passage to said constant air s upplyspace. and means for simultaiuously imparting both rotary and verticalmovement to said sleeve and valve member.

5. A vaporizer for internal combustion engines comprising a cylindricalvalve casing having a fuel inlet at its lower end, a

fixed cylindrical sleeve above said casingI having air ports, a movablecylindrical sleeve within said fixed sleeve having corresponding airports, said movable sleeve having a clos.d bottom and a space beneaththe same for constant air supply, a cylindrical valve member dependingfrom said movable sleeve into the valve easingr and having alongitudinal fuel passage, air ports leading from Said fuel passage fosaid constant air supply space, means for imparting both rotary andvertical movement to said sleeve and valve member, and means forimparting' vertical movement to said sleeve and valve memberindependently of the movement iniparted by said first named means.

6. A vaporizer for hydrocarbon engines comprising a cylindrical valvecasing having a fuel inlet at its lower end. a fixed cylindrical sleeveabove said casing having air ports, a n'iovable, cylixulrical sleevewithin said fixed sleeve having coacting air ports, said 'movable.slecvc having' a closed bottom and a space beneath for constant airsupply a valve member for depending from said movable sleeve info saidvalve casing, and having fuel and air passages. means for rotating saidmovable slccvc. an adjusting sleeve rotatably held in fixed bearings andhaving inclined rib or screw connections with said movable sleeve, andmeans for turning said adjusting' sleeve.

7. A vaporizer for internal combustion engines comprising a mixingchamber having means for supplying air thereto, a pair of members ofsubstantially cone shape spaced to admit a film of hydrocarbontherebetween, the upper of said members having an atomizing openingr forinjecting the combustible fluid into said chamber, means for admittingheating fluid to the interior o the lower member, and means forinjecting" a heated Huid other than air into said mixing chamber,substantially as described.

S. A vaporizer for internal combustion engines comprising a mixingchamber having means for supplying air thereto. a pair of' nembcrs ofsubstantially cone shape spaced to admit a film of hydrocarbontherebetween. the upper of said members having an atomiziirr opening forinjecting the combustible fluid into said mixing chamber, means forsupplying the heating fluid to the space ben xath the lower cone shapemember,

land a passage for conducting the small quantity of heating fluid to thesaid mixing chamber.

9. i vaporizer for infernal combustion engines comprising a valvechamber having a fuel admitting opening, a valve working in said chambe`and having' `a central longitudinal passage therein` there being anannular air passage around a portion of the said valve and said valvehaving air passages leading l'rom said longitudinal air passages to.said annular chanibc' and said valve having also an aufviliary passagein proximity to said air passages. and means for supplying a healedfluid other than air to said auxiliary passage.-

l0. vaporizer for infernal combustion engines comprisingl a )nixingchamber having means for supplying air thereto, a pair ol' members of.substantially cone shape4

